Electric Vehicle Range

How to convert an engine on a generator and use it to charge a car battery?

I am planning to build an electric vehicle and would like regenerative braking to increase its range of travel. Some people say that a motor and a generator are basically the same thing. But how is that a car alternator does not turn on their own even when connected to a car battery? think to feed the electric motor with four batteries 12volt connected in series for a total of 48volts. What should I do to instantly convert the motor into a generator (to convert the kinetic energy in electrical and recharge their batteries) as the vehicle is in motion? there is a need for some complicated circuit boards to do this? if I were able to change the connections positive and negative for the engine when the vehicle is moving then it would charge the batteries?

The simple answer is yes, you need some complicated circuits for power flow in the direction you want to order. Both ac machines and dc machines can be used as drivers and generators under the right conditions. An alternator is basically a permanent magnet AC generator with a diode bridge in the output, so that power only comes its terminals. That's why no motor. A standard induction motor squirrel cage can be used as a generator, if there is an external AC source providing excitation necessary, and the first external motor rotates faster than synchronous speed. Large wind turbines often use this approach. To do what you want to automotive applications require a power electronic converter that can adjust voltages to direct the march or in the machine (like a motor), or outside the machine (like a generator). Note that this is very different from simply changing the polarity between the battery and engine. If you just change the polarity applied the only engine change is rapidly turning in the opposite direction. This works for braking, but it puts heat into the engine. Power is flowing from the battery to engine, and no re-generation is produced.

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